Canvas fingerprinting (CPF)
Canvas
fingerprinting (CPF) is a surreptitious online user tracking technique that
relies on minute differences in text or images drawn on command by users’ browsers.
Canvas fingerprinting
relies on standard HTML5 and JavaScript, using a website canvas feature that
one might draw on or use to display graphs and charts. On some sites, this is a
visible and usable canvas. Sites that use canvas fingerprinting, however, use a
hidden canvas. Commands to your graphics processing unit (GPU)
cause it to draw a string of text as a pixel-based image that is almost
perfectly unique and individually identifying. Even completely identical
hardware systems are almost always individualized through variables such as different
browsers, driver versions, font settings and text smoothing settings such as anti-aliasing.
ProPublica, an
independent newsroom, claims that five percent of the top 100,000 websites use
canvas fingerprinting and of those, 95 percent use AddThis.com’s product.
Examples of sites using canvas fingerprinting include United States and
Canadian government sites, POF.com and many others.
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